Extraction and analysis of prebiotics from selected plants from southern Thailand (2025)

Extraction and characterization of soluble non-digestible polysaccharides from coconut kernel cake and palm kernel cake as potential source of prebiotics

2017

The health benefits associated with consumption of prebiotic and probiotics have made it more preferable than conventional food products. Extraction of prebiotics from local plant materials are associated with low yield; therefore, the aim of this research is to study the effects of solvents on extraction yield and biochemical composition of soluble polysaccharides from palm kernel cake (PKC) and coconut kernel cake (CKC) that could have prebiotics potential. The specific objectives are, (i) To extract and characterized soluble polysaccharides from palm kernel cake and coconut kernel cake (ii) To determined the non-digestibility of the extracted soluble polysaccharides on artificial human gastric juice and alpha amylase and, (iii) To evaluate the prebiotics potential on Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 53103 in-vitro. Towards achieving these objectives, three different solvents namely water, citric acid and NaOH were employed to extract soluble poly...

Recent researches on prebiotics for gut health in Thailand

Background: In the food industries, several oligosaccharides have received increasing attention as key components for functional foods and nutraceutical products. Prebiotics are non-digestible oligosaccharides which have been shown to have properties that can modulate gastrointestinal problems and improve gut health and well-being. Recent researches much pay attention to find alternative sources, improve specific properties and proof on health benefits of these prebiotics. Methods: This is the summary of research works have been done by our research group on prebiotics and gut health in Thailand. These works aimed to study sources of prebiotics from fruits and vegetables in Thailand, production by enzymatic synthesis of prebiotics, purification by microbial fermentation and membrane technology and applications of the prebiotics in nutraceuticals and functional foods. Results: Among the 30 parts of 14 plants, six appear to have the highest potential for commercialization based on extract yield and the amount and type of indigestible oligosaccharides. These include dragon fruit, palm flesh, palm embryo, jackfruit flesh, jackfruit seed, and okra pod. At least three of them, dragon fruit, jackfruit flesh and seed, were confirmed on their prebiotic property by selectively in vitro colonic microflora fermentation in an artificial colon system. Among 52 LAB isolates for production of GOS, BFP32 showed highest intracellular β-galactosidase activity and GOS yield. It was identified as Lactobacillus pentosus var. plantarum by 16S rDNA sequencing. Composition of GOS consisted of oligosaccharides with having DP of 3, 4 and 5. A mixture of GOS was purified successful by sequential bacterial and yeast fermentation whereas nanofiltration could be used for partial purification. Prebiotic index (PI) of the GOS produced was1.19 in batch culture. A crude extract from tubers of Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) had transfructosylating activity for biosynthesis of FOS from sucrose. Optimal conditions for production of FOS were 0.26 U FTase, incubated with 0.46 M sucrose as substrate at pH 5.4 and 35ºC for 144 h. A maximum yield of scFOS (DP<5) was obtained (54.46%). The scFOS showed prebiotic property with PI of 1.29 in batch culture. Four formulas of canned tuna in spring water and tuna in mayonnaise and pouched tuna in salad cream and tuna in thousand island cream with added inulin were developed for commercial production. An addition of 5 % inulin for tuna in spring water and 7 % inulin for tuna in mayonnaise, tuna in thousand island and tuna in salad cream are recommended. The highest prebiotic index (PI) scores of tuna in spring water and tuna in salad cream added 5% inulin were 1.82 and 0.93, respectively in three-stage continuous culture. In clinical study of tuna products, it was found that 5% inulin addition helps on improve bowel regularity. By-product from rubber wood sawdust could be used as alternative source of XOS. Among eight edible commercial mushrooms, Schizophyllum commune had highest total β-glucan content (59.87% dry basis). Conclusions: Research on prebiotics in Thailand had two mainly approaches including by extraction from natural occurring in fruits and vegetables and by enzymatic approach using hydrolysis and transferase activities from agricultural by-products and low cost raw materials. Prebiotic researches are covered in vitro, in vivo in rat and being investigated in clinical study related to gut health functional and immunity.

Study of prebiotic properties of selected banana species in Thailand

Journal of Food Science and Technology, 2020

Prebiotics are functional foods with health-promoting properties that are used in many developed countries. Thailand is one of the countries that produces many plants that should have prebiotic properties. In this study, we investigated the potential prebiotic effects of powders obtained from Saba, Pisang Awak Banana and Silver bluggoe in vitro in accordance with their physical, chemical and microbiological properties. These selected plants were found to demonstrate good water-/oil-binding properties. They contained chlorophyll, beta carotene and lycopene and showed good resistance to stomach and small-intestine enzymes. The selected plants were further used to evaluate prebiotic properties by supplementing as a carbon source in culturing broth for growing probiotic bacteria and pathogenetic bacteria. The increase in the number of probiotic bacteria during fermentation of these selected plants correlated with decreased pH. The growth of four strains of probiotic bacteria seemed to be promoted in MRS broth containing these selected plants, but no significant differences in the number of probiotic bacterial groups were detected in response to difference concentrations of all these selected plants. In addition, we noted that a decrease in the number of all four strains of pathogenic bacteria during fermentation of these selected plants correlated with a decreased pH. Moreover, the antimicrobial activity of selected plant prebiotics supported probiotic substance production to inhibit growth of pathogenic bacteria. In conclusion, we have shown that the addition of selected prebiotic plants, indicating that they should be used as a prebiotic food ingredient, represents a potential alternative to available commercial prebiotics.

Evaluation of the effect of soluble polysaccharides of palm kernel cake as a potential prebiotic on the growth of probiotics

3 Biotech, 2018

This paper deliberates the extraction, characterization and examination of potential application of soluble polysaccharides of palm kernel cake (PKC) as a prebiotic. The PKC was defatted and crude polysaccharide was obtained through water, citric acid or NaOH extraction. The physiochemical properties of the extracted polysaccharides viz. total carbohydrates, protein content, solubility rate, monosaccharides composition, structural information and thermal properties were also determined. The extracted soluble polysaccharides were further subjected to a digestibility test using artificial human gastric juice. Finally, their prebiotic potential on two probiotics, namely ATCC 8014 and ATCC 53103 were evaluated in vitro. It was observed that PKC contained ash (5.2%), moisture (7.4%), carbohydrates (65.8%), protein (16.5%) and fat (5.1%). There were significant differences ( &lt; 0.05) between the values of NaOH-extracted crude polysaccharides (8.73%) and that of water (3.03%) and citric ...

Extraction and Characterization of Oligosaccharides from Palm Kernel Cake as Prebiotic

BioResources, 2015

The main objective of the present study was to extract and characterize oligosaccharides from palm kernel cake (OligoPKC) to be used as a prebiotic. Up to 16.81% of oligosaccharides were extracted from PKC using neutral detergent solution with two to eight degrees of polymerization. Molecular weights of seven fractions of OligoPKC were estimated using a mass spectrophotometer procedure resembling those of mannobiose, mannotriose, mannotetraose, mannopentaose, and mannohexaose standards, while those of two unknown components resembled those of heptasaccharide and octasaccharide. Enzymatic hydrolysis of OligoPKC using 11 enzymes showed that β-mannosidase and β-mannanase had the highest effects. OligoPKC fractions were potential substrates for growth of four species of Lactobacillus. Supplementation of OligoPKC in the diet of broiler chickens increased the population of beneficial microbes. However, it reduced the populations of pathogenic bacteria in the cecum. Hence, OligoPKC can be considered a potential prebiotic supplement in the feed and food industry.

Prebiotics – A Review

2009

Nutraceuticals and functional foods have become an important tool for consumers to manage their health and wellness. Pre-, pro-, and synbiotics are a part of this group of products shown to have properties that can modulate gastrointestinal problems and improve general health and well being. Prebiotics are polysaccharides that can withstand acidic and enzymatic digestion in the small intestine and can be utilized by probiotics, and gut microflora, in the large intestine for their growth and activities that benefit the host's health, e.g., by enhancing the immunity and mineral absorption, preventing colon cancer and other gastrointestinal diseases, and lowering cholesterol. Prebiotics, e.g., inulin, oligofructose, oligolactose, and lactulose, occur naturally in many plants, or may be synthesized from starch or other carbohydrates using appropriate enzymes. A number of plants from southern Thailand, e.g., palm fruit (Borrassus flabellifer L.), jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.), young coconut (Cocos nucifera Linn.), rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.), jampadah (Artocarpus integer Merr.), and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench.) contain a considerable amount of polysaccharides that have been shown to have prebiotic properties. Prebiotics may be used as ingredients in functional foods, or may be presented as nutraceuticals in the form of capsules, tablets or powder, sometimes together with probiotic cultures.

Prebiotic Activity of Polysaccharides Extracted from Gigantochloa Levis (Buluh beting) Shoots

Molecules, 2012

Bamboo shoot crude polysaccharides (BSCP) extracted from the shoots of Gigantochloa levis gave about 3.27 ± 0.18% on dry basis and a very minute percentage of protein (0.02 ± 0.01%). The molecular weight of BSCP estimated by gel chromatography was found to be around 7.49 × 10 3 Da, while the molecular weights of purified fractions (F1 to F5) were around 1550. 96, 1471.63, 1685.78, 1691.61 and 1551.67 Da, respectively. The FTIR spectrum of BSCP revealed the possibility that the extract containsβ-glucan, which can be considered a valuable compound for the medical and food industries. These relate to the resistance of BSCP towards artificial human gastric juice which is more than 99%. Prebiotic activity tested using BSCP as a carbon source showed significant increase in the growth of B. animalis ATCC 1053, B. longum BB 536 and L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 as compared to the use of FOS. Survivality of S. choleraesuis JCM 6977 was found to be slower in both BSCP and FOS. Study conducted reflects a good sign for the BSCP to be exploited as a promising prebiotic.

In vitro screening of indigenous plant materials for prebiotic potential

Prebiotics, typically the non-digestible carbohydrates, render physiological benefits to improve gut health. Present study was planned to screen 29 indigenous plant materials for their prebiotic potential. Standard fructooligosaccharide (FOS) was used as the positive control. Growth response of 9 lactic, 2 streptococci and 2 marketed probiotic consortia A & B (Probiotic acidophilus, Nutrition Now, USA and Total Probiotics, Nutri-West, USA) on plant materials was studied. Consortium A, L. casei and S. thermophilus, S. lactis, L. plantarum, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus showed growth above 60% relative to FOS for all experimental materials. Bael, papaya, pomegranate, ber, tamarind, fig, guava, grapes, gum, apple, spinach and okra were identified first time for promising in vitro prebiotic potential with more than 60% growth of probiotics relative to FOS. Three formulations F1, F2 and F3 were confirmed as most promising prebiotic formulations through batch fermentation using human fecal...

Chemical Characterization And Prebiotic Effect Of Water-Soluble Polysaccharides From Zizyphus Lotus Leaves

2015

In order to investigate the prebiotic potential of oligosaccharides prepared by chemical hydrolysis of water-soluble polysaccharides (WSP) from Zizyphus lotus leaves, the effect of oligosaccharides on bacterial growth was studied. The chemical composition of WSP was evaluated by colorimetric assays revealed the average values: 7.05±0.73% proteins and 86.21±0.74% carbohydrates, among them 64.81±0.42% is neutral sugar and the rest 16.25±1.62% is uronic acids. The characterization of monosaccharides was determined by high performance anion exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) was found to be composed of galactose (23.95%), glucose (21.30%), rhamnose (20.28%), arabinose (9.55%), and glucuronic acid (22.95%). The effects of oligosaccharides on the growth of lactic acid bacteria were compared with those of fructooligosaccharide (RP95). The oligosaccharides concentration was 1g/L of Man, Rogosa, Sharpe broth. Bacterial growth was assessed during 2, 4.5, 6....

Proximate composition of the edible part of purple passion fruit and santol and in vitro prebiotic activity of crude polysaccharide extracts

Food Research, 2021

This study aimed to evaluate the functional and prebiotic properties of the edible portions of certain tropical fruits in Thailand, passion fruit and santol. The proximate composition of passion fruit and santol were analysed which total carbohydrate was the major component in both samples. Total dietary fibre of passion fruit and santol was 44.81 and 26.82% (w/w), respectively, with the majority of insoluble dietary fibre. Soluble dietary fibre of both fruits was extracted by hot water and water-extractable polysaccharide was yielded at 16.47% and 25.24% (w/w) for passion fruit and santol, respectively. The functional properties of fruit fibre were informed, with the satisfactory oil holding capacity of santol polysaccharide. The effect of both fruit polysaccharides on proliferation number at 24 hrs was not different from inulin. Prebiotic activity score of fruit polysaccharide was calculated from the growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Bifidobacterium longum compared with the ...